A power transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction, operating on the fundamental principle of Faraday's Law of Induction. It consists of two or more coils (windings) wrapped around a common laminated iron core. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field in the core. This changing field then induces an alternating voltage in the secondary winding. The ratio of the primary to secondary voltages is directly proportional to the ratio of the number of turns in their respective windings, allowing the transformer to either step up or step down the voltage level as required.
Product Features
1. Voltage Transformation: Its primary function is to efficiently change AC voltage levels, enabling practical long-distance transmission (high voltage) and safe utilization (low voltage).
2. High Efficiency: Power transformers are designed for minimal energy loss, with modern units achieving efficiencies often exceeding 99%. Core and copper losses are minimized through advanced materials and design.
3. Electrical Isolation: It provides galvanic isolation between the primary and secondary circuits. This enhances safety for end-users and protects equipment from potential faults on the interconnected grid.
Common Applications
Power transformers are the backbone of electrical power systems and are found in:
1. Electrical Power Grids: Stepping up voltage at generation stations for efficient transmission and stepping it down at distribution substations for consumer use.
2. Industrial Plants: Supplying appropriate voltage levels for heavy machinery, motor drives, and lighting systems.
3. Renewable Energy Systems: Interfacing solar farms or wind turbines with the main grid by stepping up the generated voltage.
